About Our Content & Editorial Team
We are a neuro-ophthalmology patient education resource produced by the team at Hashemi Eye Care. Our articles explain eye and vision problems, tests, treatments, and questions to discuss with your care team. Check each article's reviewer and medical-review date for its documented review information.
Our Mission
The Hashemi Eye Care Patient Education Center provides comprehensive, accessible information about neuro-ophthalmology conditions, symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatments. Our goal is to help patients and their families understand what is happening, what to expect from evaluation, and what their treatment options actually involve - so they can have better conversations with their care team.
Medical Reviewer
Nafiseh Hashemi, MD
Board-certified by the American Board of Ophthalmology · Fellowship-Trained Neuro-Ophthalmologist · 25+ years of clinical experience
Dr. Hashemi is an ophthalmologist board-certified by the American Board of Ophthalmology, with subspecialty training in neuro-ophthalmology. She completed her ophthalmology residency at the University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston and a neuro-ophthalmology fellowship at Houston Methodist Hospital under Dr. Andrew Lee. She earned her medical degree from Iran University of Medical Sciences in Tehran and completed a surgical internship at the University of Tennessee. She has been an active clinician, surgeon, and researcher for more than two decades, including five years dedicated to preventing blindness in underserved regions of Iran and years training medical students and ophthalmology residents.
Her clinical focus includes optic neuropathies, optic neuritis, multiple sclerosis, intracranial and optic nerve tumors, idiopathic intracranial hypertension, myasthenia gravis, thyroid eye disease, brain and optic-nerve stroke causing vision loss, and unexplained vision loss. She works collaboratively with neurologists and neurosurgeons.
Dr. Hashemi has authored 30+ peer-reviewed journal articles and contributed a 2013 book chapter on the neuro-ophthalmic complications of cataract surgery. Her research is indexed in PubMed and Google Scholar.
Editorial Standards
All content on this website is developed according to the following standards:
- Evidence-based. We rely on current peer-reviewed literature, clinical practice guidelines from the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO), the North American Neuro-Ophthalmology Society (NANOS), and other recognized specialty bodies.
- Reviewed by a neuro-ophthalmologist. Every article carries a "Reviewed by" line and a most-recent-review date, and is reviewed by Dr. Hashemi or another qualified clinician on the team.
- Patient-focused language. We aim for an 8th-10th grade reading level, define clinical terms inline, and link to a glossary for jargon.
- Citing high-stakes claims. We aim to source high-stakes claims (drug warnings, emergency triage, screening recommendations) from primary references such as drug labels (DailyMed), AAO Preferred Practice Patterns, NANOS publications, and peer-reviewed journals.
- Regularly updated. We aim to review articles annually and after major guideline changes. The medical-review date records a documented clinical review; an editorial edit alone does not advance it.
Medical Review Process
- Initial drafting by our medical writing team using current guideline sources.
- Clinical accuracy review by Dr. Hashemi or another qualified clinician.
- Editorial review for clarity, reading level, and accessibility.
- Periodic re-review and updates as clinical guidance evolves.
- Reader-flagged corrections are typically evaluated within 5 business days.
Using This Information
This site is for general patient education only. It does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment for any individual, and it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. For sudden vision loss or possible stroke symptoms, call 911 immediately and do not drive yourself. For care at our practice, contact Hashemi Eye Care directly. See our full medical disclaimer for details.
Funding & Conflicts of Interest
This site is operated by Hashemi Eye Care and is not sponsored by pharmaceutical or device manufacturers. We do not accept paid placements, sponsored content, or affiliate links in clinical articles. Where a brand-name drug or device is named (e.g., Tepezza, Vyzulta), it is for clinical accuracy only. Dr. Hashemi's disclosures, when applicable to specific articles, are listed within those articles.
Corrections Policy
If you find an error on any page - factual, citation, dosing, or otherwise - please email admin@hashemieyecare.com with the URL and a brief description. We review corrections promptly, typically within 5 business days. Medical-review dates change only after a documented clinical review.
How to Cite Our Content
Healthcare professionals, educators, and researchers are welcome to cite our content. Each article includes a citation format and review date at the bottom of the page.
Example citation (APA):
Hashemi Eye Care Medical Team. (2026). Optic Neuritis. Hashemi Eye Care Patient Education. https://www.hashemieyecare.com/education/conditions/optic-neuritis
Linking to Our Content
We encourage healthcare providers, medical educators, and patient advocacy organizations to link to our resources. No permission is required for linking, but we appreciate attribution.
Education Contact
For editorial questions, corrections, media inquiries, or partnership opportunities, visit our education contact page. For appointments, use the Request appointment form. For referrals, patient services, or clinical questions, use the clinic contact page.