Treatment library
Treatments
Information about treatment options for neuro-ophthalmology conditions, including medications, surgical procedures, and therapies. Learn what to expect before, during, and after treatment.
36 treatment guides reviewed by ophthalmology clinicians
Related: Conditions treated • Medications
Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK / DSAEK)
Partial-thickness corneal transplant surgery that replaces the failed inner pump layer while leaving most of the patient's cornea intact.
Eyelid Surgery (Blepharoplasty)
Eyelid operations for drooping lids, extra skin, lid malposition, or exposure problems that affect vision, comfort, or appearance.
Microvascular Decompression
The Jannetta operation for hemifacial spasm: a neurosurgeon cushions the artery that is pulsing against the facial nerve at the brainstem. It targets the cause rather than masking the twitch, and in well-selected patients the relief can be lasting.
Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration
Eye-socket surgery that opens the optic nerve sheath to protect vision when papilledema from high pressure is threatening sight.
Orbital Decompression Surgery
Surgery that enlarges the bony eye socket in thyroid eye disease. It is urgent and sight-saving when swollen tissue strangles the optic nerve, and rehabilitative when the goal is to reverse bulging and protect the cornea.
Ptosis Surgery
Surgery to lift a drooping upper eyelid when it blocks vision, causes strain, or creates a bothersome lid-height difference.
Scleral Buckle Surgery
A retinal detachment surgery that places silicone support around the eye to indent the wall and close retinal tears. Often combined with vitrectomy.
Strabismus Surgery
Eye muscle surgery to improve eye alignment, treat double vision, or support binocular vision when non-surgical options are insufficient.
Thymectomy
Surgical removal of the thymus gland - mandatory when a thymoma is present, and a disease-modifying option for selected myasthenia gravis. Its benefit is real but patient, unfolding over months to years rather than days.
VP Shunt (Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt)
An implanted tube-and-valve system that drains cerebrospinal fluid from the brain to the abdomen, sometimes used in IIH when vision is threatened.
Intravitreal Injection
A quick office procedure that places medicine inside the eye for retina disease, inflammation, infection, or swelling.
Panretinal Photocoagulation (PRP)
Scatter laser for proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinal ischemia, trading some peripheral retina treatment for lower risk of catastrophic bleeding.
Trabeculectomy
A glaucoma filtering surgery that creates a new drainage route and bleb when drops or laser cannot lower pressure enough.
Anti-VEGF Injections (Intravitreal Injections)
Retina injections that quiet leaky blood vessels in wet AMD, diabetic eye disease, vein occlusions, and related conditions.
Botulinum Toxin Injection (Botox)
Targeted botulinum toxin injections for eyelid spasms, hemifacial spasm, and selected eye-misalignment problems.
Cataract Surgery
Surgery to remove the eye's cloudy natural lens and replace it with a clear implant, with lens choices that shape life after surgery.
Laser Peripheral Iridotomy (LPI)
A quick iris laser that creates a bypass opening for fluid in pupillary-block angle closure and certain narrow-angle eyes.
Meibomian Gland Expression
An in-office treatment that presses thick oil out of clogged eyelid glands to improve evaporative dry eye and MGD.
Punctal Plugs
Small plugs placed in the tear drains so natural tears and eye drops stay on the eye surface longer.
Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT)
A repeatable office laser for open-angle glaucoma that helps the eye's own drain lower pressure, often before or alongside drops.
Vitrectomy
A retina surgery that removes the vitreous gel from inside the eye to treat retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, macular holes, and other conditions.
IV Steroid Treatment
Short courses of high-dose IV corticosteroids for urgent optic nerve and eye inflammation, including optic neuritis and suspected giant cell arteritis.
IVIG (Intravenous Immunoglobulin)
An infusion of pooled antibodies used to calm selected autoimmune nerve and eye conditions, often when speed matters but plasma exchange is not ideal.
Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) for Dry Eye and Rosacea
An in-office light treatment for MGD-related dry eye, especially when rosacea and lid-margin vessels are part of the problem.
Low Vision Rehabilitation
Practical training, devices, and home strategies that help people with permanent vision loss use the sight they still have.
Vision Therapy
Structured eye-teaming and focusing exercises with a deliberately narrow evidence base: genuinely effective for symptomatic convergence insufficiency, far weaker elsewhere, and not a treatment for dyslexia or learning disabilities. Honest framing is the point.
Warm Compresses for Eye Care
A practical home treatment for MGD, blepharitis, styes, and dry eye - but the heat has to be warm enough and last long enough.
Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL)
A removable lens implanted behind the iris to correct moderate to high myopia and astigmatism when corneal laser surgery is not ideal.
PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy)
A flap-free laser vision correction surgery with slower recovery than LASIK but advantages for certain corneas and lifestyles.